At the national level there are the same boundaries

How to frame the fiscal policies in Europe Sovereign debt crisis stressed the inadequacy or the limits of the current rules, as little appetite of European Governments to waive their sovereignty and advance on the path of integration. The difficulty of crisis exit strategies, the delicate exercise balance requested countries to efficiently adjust their public finances without killing the growth and credibly markets favour an institutional mechanism that would allow better sit adjustment strategies.

This institution would provide three guarantees: the budget presented to Parliament would be an adequate budget to economic conditions; This budget would not endanger the medium-term debt sustainability; more broadly, economic policies financed by the budget would be assessed in a transparent manner. The Sweden is equipped with such a "Committee" since 2007. Its deficit is not gone beyond the 3 of GDP during the crisis and the debt remains less than 60, while the recession hit hard (-5 in 2009).

At the European level, the maastrichtienne rule was ignored: the objectives have not been respected, procedures of stress for bending States those objectives have been flouted and the foundations have been questioned, as shown by the Franco-German frond of 2003. All forms of circumvention were used: projections based on overly optimistic growth, accounting freedoms, etc. The judges, the Council of Ministers (heads of State), are also parties.

At the national level, there are the same boundaries. The "German brake", monitored by the Constitutional Court, is based on fragile estimates of "structural deficit", especially in crisis when it is still difficult to estimate the damage. In the same way, rules limiting spending can be circumvented by increasing the possibilities of niches to pay less tax. This is the case in France, as noted by the Court of Auditors. More generally, rigid multi-year rules can have the counter-productive effect of limiting the margins for manoeuvre in times of crisis.

The budget is an essential expression of democracy, it is impossible to force him out of parliamentary voting. This is a limit to the rules, which necessarily cannot be limited to a part of the budgetary action.

Need to do otherwise and oversee budgets from transparent evaluation by a Budget Committee. The short term, this is to give an opinion on the realism of the budget (the spending projections, revenue, under the assumptions of growth), possibly the implications on the weight of tax levies. This analysis is, in France, not by the Court of Auditors. A Budget Committee should ensure that margins for manoeuvre are identified at the top of cycle and that the support budget is the crisis and effective in a period of recession.

Medium term, the Committee should project the implications of the current budget on the evolution of the debt and its sustainability, cost and the constraints that will be necessary as well, or not, to future generations. This framework would implicitly to estimate the merits of the proposed economic policies and to evaluate, ex post, the effectiveness of these policies.

France, could thus have assessments of economic policy to understand the cost/benefit of RSA versus RMI benefits. The Government could thus sorting: do not maintain costly policies to the weakness of the achieved goal, but capacity dedicated to the most effective policies. Attached to the Parliament, possibly at the Court of Auditors, or not a French Budget Committee would have credibility sitting on his independent composition, expertise, without forgetting its pedagogy. In Sweden there are academics, Swedish and foreign, as well as politicians. The difficulty of the budgetary matters, the urgency of redressing public accounts without harming the growth, the need to clearly communicate the choice not only to markets but also and especially to the French makes urgent the establishment of such a body. Then, if the France school, may be considered a European Committee of the national committees to be a forum for dialogue, initiation of budgetary cooperation in the euro area.